Handwoven carpets are the art of Iranians
Hand-woven carpet is one of the most beautiful Iranian arts and one of the first very beautiful Iranian rugs. In hand-woven carpets, wefts and threads are artistically tied together and unique designs and patterns are created. Iranian handwoven carpets and rugs are diverse and unique in terms of material, design, color and size. They have different types. In addition to dimensions and size, one of the most important distinguishing factors of hand-woven carpets is the thread used to weave these carpets. Usually, the larger the size of the handwoven carpets, the smaller the design and pattern and more details, and their value and price are higher.
What is a hand-woven carpet?
As their name suggests, hand-woven carpets are produced by hand, and machines do not play a role in their production. These carpets are woven by artists and expert forces using tools such as scissors, hooks, skewers, kashar, combs, koji, etc. Today, handwoven carpets are produced in different colors and materials. The flourishing of carpet weaving in Iran began in the period of 16th and 17th AD. Some historical Iranian hand-woven carpets are: Parisian carpet, Baharestan carpet, Safavid era hand-woven carpet.
Characteristics of hand-woven carpets
To distinguish a hand-woven carpet from a variety of machine and industrial carpets, you should pay attention to the following:
• The hand-woven carpet definitely has texture
• The hand-made carpet has a pile texture or pile thread, which is usually wool, fluff or natural silk.
• The tufts of the hand-woven carpet are tied around its threads, and these knots are also called roots in the term of carpet weaving.
• Usually, there is a difference of several centimeters in the dimensions of the hand-woven carpet and It is not accurate.
• Symmetry in color is another characteristic of hand-woven carpets. It is necessary to check this item in natural light Symmetry in color Is another characteristic of hand-woven carpets. It Is necessary to check this item in natural light
• The color of the hand-woven carpet looks darker in the sleeping direction
• Handwoven carpet Is cold in summer and warm in winter, that is why it prevents the balance in your body from being disturbed
• The pile of the handwoven carpet is brilliant and flexible
• There is no color difference between the end of the pile and the color of the carpet surface. When the carpet fibers are dyed with ink colors, this color difference is observed and the color may return
• The hand-woven carpet becomes more beautiful due to light exposure and washing. The older the carpet, the more beautiful and valuable it is
• Because these carpets are woven from natural fibers such as wool, silk, cotton, etc., the degree of sensitivity It also does not generate static electricity
• The hand-woven carpet has an attractive and cheerful coloring and red color is seen in most of the carpets
• The hand-woven carpet has a long life and durability
• One of the prominent features of hand-woven carpets is the reversibility of the piles after stepping on them and absorbing moisture
• Compared to machine-made carpets, hand-woven carpets are more resistant to continuous washing
The main patterns of hand-woven carpets
Iranian hand-woven carpets are woven in five main patterns: kheshti , tangerine , clay , spray , hunt , modern and geometric. The hand-woven carpet with tangerine design is very popular and is inspired by the architecture of the Parthian period
Most of the carpets of tangerine design are woven with wide borders around and circular or oval design in the middle.
Hand-woven carpets based on the type of fibers
Hand woven carpet with wool fibers
All parts of this carpet are hand woven from wool. Due to the thickness of the wool yarn, the texture of the carpet is coarse. Wool carpet is cheaper than other carpets.
Handwoven silk carpet
This type of hand-woven carpet has a relief, the material of the warp and weft is wool, and the design and flowers are silk. hand woven silk flower carpet has a high artistic value, but it is cheaper than all silk carpets.
Silk flower carpet
This type of hand-woven carpet has a relief pattern, the material of the warp and weft is wool, and the pattern and flowers are silk. Hand woven silk flower carpet has a high artistic value, but it is cheaper than all silk carpets.
Silk carpet
The material of carpet, warp and weft is silk, but its piles can be made of cotton or wool.
fluffy carpet
In this type of carpet, goat hair yarn is used.
Hand woven gold carpet
Gold and silver threads are used in the texture of Zarbaft carpet.
Sof model hand woven carpet
The texture of this carpet Is made of gold and silver.
Silk floor carpet
The warp and weft of this carpet is made of silk, but the pile thread Is silk.
Hand-woven carpet in terms of texture style
Urban carpets
These carpets have a delicate and thin texture and have special designs and patterns. This type of carpet is usually woven by city dwellers.
Rural carpets
These carpets have a simple pattern and are usually woven without a previous plan. The weaver weaves this carpet with his own design and taste.
Nomadic carpets
Nomadic carpets have a thick and coarse texture. These carpets have simple patterns that are mostly inspired by the living environment of the nomads. In nomadic carpets, short wool tassels are woven into the carpet at regular intervals.
Hand woven carpet in terms of size
Compared to machine-made carpets, hand-woven carpets are less varied in terms of dimensions and sizes, but even so, hand-woven carpets are woven in different sizes.
carpet
A number of hand-woven carpets are known as carpets, which have dimensions of 6 meters and 12 meters.
rugs
Rugs are another type of carpet that are smaller than carpets and their area is less than 4 square meters.
two-zar
Carpets whose dimensions are about 1.40 x 2.20 meters are called two-zar carpets.
a curtain
And carpets that have dimensions of one and a half by two and a half are called curtains.
Kalgi
Hand-woven carpets are called smaller than Kalgi rugs and their dimensions are 1.5 x 3, 1.7 x 3, and 2 x 3.7.
the side
Another type of handwoven carpet that is used In the staircases, they say that the width of these carpets is smaller than other carpets and their length varies between 3 and 10 meters, but it may reach up to 15 meters.
planting
Other types of handwoven carpets are Zar and Nim carpets, whose dimensions are 1.5 x 1.40, and the dimensions of Zar and Charak carpets are 1.30 x 0.80.
the pillow
Carpets whose area is less than one square meter are called pillow. The most common pillow dimensions are 90 x 60.
Hand-woven carpet in terms of the way it is woven
All Lul
In a full-length carpet, the arc of the knot behind the carpet is 90 degrees, and the threads of the carpet are close to each other.
Lul
The Lul carpet is very similar to the full Lul carpet, but in this carpet, the distance between the threads is the size of a thread, and it is woven into a rattan style.
Half a barrel
In half-roll carpet, the knot on the back of the carpet is 45 degrees.
Hand woven carpet in terms of design
Designs of ancient works and Islamic buildings
All designs are taken from the motifs and decorative shapes of buildings, buildings and their tiling.
Shah Abbasi designs
In the Shah Abbasi design, the flowers of Shah Abbasi are used together with Khatae bands and sometimes combined with Slimi.
Arabesque designs
These designs are based on regular circulation and slim patterns. Slime designs have different types and shapes.
Frame designs
This carpet has geometric, square and rhombus shapes, and inside each of these houses, drawings such as flower pots, flowers, branches, trees such as cypress and willow, birds, etc. are drawn.
Spray designs
In the sprinkling design, flowers, leaves, and branches are scattered on the carpet without being connected to each other, that is why this design is called sprinkling design.
Botehplans
One of the famous and successful designs in carpet design, which is popular in Iran. The size of the bats is different. Sometimes the size of the bates is large, but in most cases the bates are small and are located in parallel rows or on the edge of the carpet.
Hand-woven carpet in terms of elegance
One of the most important characteristics of a hand-woven carpet is its texture. Based on which the quality, price and elegance of a carpet can be recognized to some extent.
Coarse woven carpet
This carpet has rows between 15 and 30 rows.
Semi fine and fine woven carpet
A carpet whose row number is from 30 to 45 is a semi-fine carpet and from 45 to 60 rows and above, it is a fine weave.
Excellent carpet
This carpet is from 90 rows and above. Among the types of hand-woven carpets, these types of carpets have a higher price.
What is a handmade carpet?
Hand-woven carpets are a type of machine-made carpets that are very similar to hand-woven carpets due to the high quality of materials, number of combs and high density. The most common type of hand-woven carpets are 700 comb acrylic carpets, which are of high quality, have a long nap, and the materials used to make them are close to hand-woven carpets. Most handwoven carpets are higher than 1000 count and have density higher than 2000. If the comb and density of hand-woven carpets are higher, they will be more similar to hand-woven carpets.
How are hand-woven carpets used?
Carpets and rugs on the floors of halls and rooms
• Rugs in rooms and between large carpets or in smaller rooms and places
• Patri in the rooms and in front of the doors
• Horse drive
• Backs
• 40 pieces of carpets
Factors affecting the price of hand-woven carpets
There are various criteria in determining the price of hand-woven carpets, including:
• The age of the carpet
• Coloring
• Dimensions
• The extent of injury
• Tissue type
• Texture order
• Density
• Patterns and Designs
• Type of fibers
• Tissue area etc
The best hand woven carpets
Kashan carpet
It is one of the most famous Iranian carpets, which is very high quality and has a very beautiful design. Shah Abbasi's Lakh and Toranj designs are mostly used in Kashan carpets.
Tabriz carpet
It has many different designs and colors and is very elegant and unique. The material of Tabriz carpet is mostly wool or silk, and its tufting is usually done with cotton or silk.
Isfahan carpet
Many artists and weavers in Isfahan produce delicate, special and beautiful carpets. The designs of Isfahan carpets are mostly Lachak and Toranj patterns. The use of silk in Isfahan hand-woven carpets is common.
Qom carpet
About a century ago, the hand-woven carpet industry in Qom gradually experienced great progress. In the city of Qom, hand-woven carpets with very beautiful and diverse designs are woven. The knots and threads of Qom carpets are very regular.
Mashhad carpet
One of the most beautiful Iranian hand-woven carpets is the Mashhad carpet. Mashhad carpet is very special and attractive. In the designs of this carpet, Shah Abbasi's large flowers, which have thin and narrow stems, are usually used. Lachak Torang design, which has writings on their margins, is also used in Mashhad carpets.
Disadvantages of hand-woven carpets
• Possibility of false weaving in the carpet
• presence of low or high in the carpet
• Carpet loosening and asymmetric corners
• The hollowness of parts of the carpet
• Astigmatism and streaking
• Rupture, case, crookedness, bulging
Handwoven carpet maintenance tips
• The woven carpet should be dusted continuously with a vacuum cleaner
Avoid placing the hand-woven carpet in a humid environment because the carpet will rot
Avoid exposing the carpet to direct light for a long time
• Hand-woven carpets should be selected for different environments with appropriate dimensions to prevent the carpet from becoming tangled and wrinkled
• The environment where the carpet is used should have proper ventilation
Use tobacco and naphthalene to prevent carpet corrosion.
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