Sarab Handwoven Carpet

Introduction of mirage carpet and its features

Sarab is one of the cities of East Azarbaijan province, which is one of the most important animal husbandry centers of East Azarbaijan province due to its location in a smooth plain with fertile soil and as a result of the spread of livestock and agriculture. From the distant past, this city has been famous for the weaving of carpets in the dimensions of the side, with geometric patterns and derived from nature. In this article, we are going to introduce the less known, but original and beautiful carpets of this region.

History of carpet weaving in Sarab city

Sarab is a city with 21 villages, which has become famous for the production of high-quality hand-woven rugs in different sizes. Sarab has been one of the major centers of carpet weaving in Azerbaijan province since the past. According to the statistics of 1375, the carpets woven in Sarab are mostly woven in sizes of one and a half cubits, two cubits, and sides with a width of one meter and a length of three to six meters, and its designs include hexagonal fringes with geometric patterns, which are in classic colors such as red It is decorated with brown, navy blue and peas.

Sarab, a city famous for its woven fabric

Carpet weaving in this city is woven in a rural way, and the texture of the sides of this city is very strong, compact and usually engraved with a pattern in the form of a rhombus. Sarab Carpet Weaving has been famous in recent years for providing quality edges in different sizes from 8 to 25 feet. Shorter and cheaper boards are often woven in the east of this area and are usually sold in the traditional markets of Ardabil. For this reason, it has become famous for the banks of Ardabili. Its better and better varieties are prepared in Sarab and its neighboring villages, which in Tabriz is known as the banks of Sarab. Edwards wrote in the book "Qali Iran" during his visit to Sarab district in 1948 that Sarab has faced a significant decrease in the amount of production so that this industry has almost disappeared and the carpet weaving workers migrated to Arak (Sultan Abad) and Recently, they have been weaving sarouq carpets there. The main product of this area is kanara, which is one of the cheapest products produced by Iranian artists. Although the edges of the handwork of Sarab artists have a dense texture and high-quality dyeing, but they were sold at half the price of a high-quality Harris carpet in the Tabriz market, and did not make a profit for the weavers, so they earned more profit from the sale of their own wool.

Features of mirage carpet

Mirage carpets are mainly divided into two groups:

1. Rural  
2. Urban

Mirage village carpet

Raw material

Sarab village rugs are often all-wool and woven with local hand-spun wool.

Dimensions and size

Rural mirage carpets are usually in the sizes of one and a half cubits (112x156), two cubits (112x224), three cubits (112x336), 4 cubits (112x448), or rugs in the dimensions of 1x3, 1x 4, 1.5×3 and 2×4 are woven.

Rajshmar

The number of rural carpets in Sarab is usually between 20 and 30.

Node type

The type of knot in Sarab rural carpets is Turkish (symmetrical).

Texture type

Rural mirage carpets are often flat woven.

Color  

In Sarab carpets, there are about ten different colors in each carpet. In the past, vegetable dyes have been used to dye fibers; But now chemical colors are also used.

Plan and map

Arshan and Jaldeh Bakhan are among the most famous designs in rural Mirage carpets, and the patterns of the carpets in this region are often broken and geometric.

Shirazeh

The shirazes in Sarab village carpets are connected and double woven and are done during weaving.

Urban mirage carpet in the past

Raw material

Hand-spun wool and fluff have been the raw materials used in Sarab urban carpets in the past.

Dimensions

The urban handwoven carpets of Sarab were usually woven in dimensions of 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 meters.

Rajshmar

In the past, Baf Sarab urban carpets had a index of 30 to 50.

Node type

Symmetrical or Turkish knot is the knot used in Sarab urban carpets.

Color

In the past, only vegetable dyes were used for dyeing the fibers of Baf Sarab urban carpets.

Plan and map

The designs used in Sarab urban carpets in the past have often included imitations of Tabriz and Arak carpets, as well as Shekargah map, Shah Abbasi and Mader Bacheh.

Shirazeh

The type of shirazeh is also connected in woven urban carpets and is performed during weaving.

Today's mirage woven urban carpets

Raw material

Wool for pile and cotton for warp and weft are the raw materials used in today's mirage carpets. Also, fine and fine merino wool is sometimes used in the texture of these carpets.

Dimensions  

6, 9, 12, 18, and 24-meter rugs and carpets, or sometimes even larger than these dimensions (specific to the desired location), are the most common dimensions of today's urban carpets.

Rajshmar

Today's urban mirage carpets are usually between 40 and 50 and are delicate in texture.

Node type

The Turkish knot is the most common knot in modern urban carpets.

Texture type

Today's Sarab woven urban carpets tend to be all-round in terms of weaving mechanism.

Color

Today, both vegetable and chemical dyes are used to dye the fibers used in mirage urban carpets.

plan and map

The most common design in today's urban carpets is mirage.

Shirazeh

Shirazeh of today's urban carpets is a mirage of connected type.

"Serapi" commercial carpets

The business term "Sarapi" is derived from the name of the city of Sarab. The weavers of the Sarab region weave sides with repeated fringes on a satin color background. The field around the trench is covered with a grid-like design or parallel lines. The symmetrical knot with a relative density of 785 knots per square meter is one of the characteristics of mirage weaves. The structure of carpets (yarn and weft) is all wool or wool and cotton.

The difference between Sarab handwoven carpet and Harris carpet

The mirage carpet has long, soft and compact piles and its outer border is called "Madirfi"; It is toothed and congress-shaped. These mentioned characteristics are the distinguishing feature of Sarab carpet from Haris. Considering that the new mirage carpets are rough and compact and do not have the softness of the past, but they are still distinguishable from the carpets of other places.

Features of the famous mirage sides

Each side carpet board is basically made from a main and central part, which is called the text or context, and is known as "Yer" in the local term of Sarab region. In order to make this part look more beautiful, a carpet is placed around the fence as the main space, which consists of two main and secondary parts. The main margin or the middle margin of the side in the Sarab region is known as "Bala Marginsi, Aq Zhezan and Yalan", which is generally subordinate to the motifs of the text and follows it. But this rule is not followed much in the hands of village weavers, and mostly it was with the taste of the weavers that they created patterns and pictures in it. On the sides of the main margin, there are sub-margins called "Zanjireh" and "Tirmeh". All around, the side carpet is surrounded by a simple texture called "lovar" and in the mirage area it is called "lovar". Sarab carpets are side-woven and have relatively long piles, and their texture is denser than the texture of conventional Harris carpets. Their pattern is similar to the pattern of Hamedan's "sides" in the form of rhombus or hexagonal trinkets with a toothed or raked rim and usually placed on a silk wool color background. The small external frame has a two-color tooth pattern and next to the widest border, it usually contains small squares alternating with flowers or small bunches of flowers.

The best type of edge in mirage

The best type of border, which is considered to be the most valuable according to the people of Tabriz, has a beautiful satin color text with copper-colored rhombus-shaped trangs engraved on it. In this area, a considerable number of carpets and rugs were produced, most of which had blue or pea colors and had geometric shapes.

The design and pattern of Sarab carpet

The role of Sarab carpets is a decorative combination of four laths and one tang. The environment or the outer edge of these bergamots is serrated and mostly raked and mainly woven with silk wool. Lakhs are generally very similar to the central tangerine with blue and light brick designs. The collection of these motifs (Tranj and Lakh) is composed of stems and branches of flowers and palm leaves in the charged fields. In the margins, which consists of three parts, the geometric composition has evolved and includes the background of geometric patterns and toothed leaves that are repeated alternately.

The effect of nature on mirage handwoven carpets

The shapes of stems, leaves, flowers, jumps of animals, flight of birds, sitting and rising on the stems of flowers, etc. are all manifestations of the natural environment that were engraved in the eyes and hearts of native artists and then transferred to the artistic subject. By seeing these manifestations of nature, the carpet weaving artist of this country bound himself to record the images and by unleashing his imagination, he created a world according to his desire and by simplifying the images, he tried to make the world as simple as possible. visualize Mashaikhi workshop in Sarab has given a significant reputation to the textile industry of this city by presenting elegant and beautiful carpets in the field of Herati fringe designs.

final word

In the patterns of the carpets on the sides of the mirage, a significant variety of authentic old symbols can be seen, which tells the ancient history of the people of this region. Inspired by the nature of Azerbaijan, which is full of plains, mountains, reservoirs and rivers, the carpet weaver has been able to depict the whole view of this geography in the language of gestures, gestures and symbols. With its geological characteristics, this carpet is like an ancient topographical map of the nature of northwest Iran, and at the same time, it contains the characteristics of nomadic and nomadic life.

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